HSS 2305 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Y Chromosome, Allosome, Somatic Cell

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Health Sciences
• Course: HSS 2305
• Professor: Keir J Menzies

Document Summary

Major types of chromosomal abnormalities that can results in disease: an organism may be affected by small-scale changes involving individual genes, random mutations are the source of all new alleles, which can leave to new phenotypic traits. Large-s(cid:272)ale (cid:272)h(cid:396)o(cid:373)oso(cid:373)al (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ges (cid:272)a(cid:374) also affe(cid:272)t a(cid:374) o(cid:396)ga(cid:374)is(cid:373)"s phe(cid:374)ot(cid:455)pe. Turner syndrome (x0), super female (xxx), super male (xxy) < aneuploidy of sec chromosomes: nondisjunction of homologous chromosomes at meiosis i, nondisjunction of sister chromatids at meiosis ii, alterations of chromosome structure cri du chat syndrome, Mitosis cell division of almost all eukaryotic cells: division of mother cell into 2 genetically identical daughter cells; Human disorders from abnormal chromosome number nondisjunction in meiosis results in aneuploidy in gametes and resulting zygote: most chromosomal alterations are disastrous to the development that the affected embryo are spontaneously aborted long before birth. Dna, so that one partner gives up more genes than it receives: one chromosome will have a deletion and one chromosome will have a duplication.