LIN 1310 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Affix, Sarcasm, Word Formation
20 Oct 2018
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An infix attaches inside their base, in the middle of the word. (signal by wrapping it with hyphens). Infixation rule: -um- attaches to the right of the initial consonant of the base. Infixes break up a morpheme, inner affixes don"t. fikas f-um-ikas teach teach-er-s. By definition, an infix goes inside the base. Roots, too, can be bound (that is, roots do not need to be words). Option 1 (textbook) if we can"t assign it a meaning, we don"t treat it as a morpheme: these words are not complex but listed individually. Option 2 (many others) we analyze the word as complex because of the productivity of the affix, but assume that the root is bound. All languages can be classified according to their common morphological structures type, i. e. the way morphemes/words are combined. Fusional: many morphemes overlay russian, french, czech, portuguese, Polysynthetic: sentence-words mohawk (canada), tiwi (australia), nahualti (mexico), chukchi (russia)
