LIN 1340 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Tag Question, Indigenous Languages Of The Americas, William Labov

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Linguistics
• Course: LIN 1340
• Professor: Stephen Levey

Document Summary

This is a composite index, meaning it has many features. Change from above: a change from above the social consciousness (aware of) imbued with a certain amount of prestige, ex. Work of william labov on the sound of the r at the end of words as people tend to evaluate the rhoticl pronunciation as more sophisticated. Crossover pattern: lower middle class uses the fancy way more than upper middle as the carefulness of their speech increases. Grammatical variables tend to show a pattern of sharp stratification, meaning there is a dramatic difference between the upper and lower working class due to the upper trying to get away from the stigma/social freight of those social features. Fine/gradient stratification is seen in the g-dropping in norwich, uk (not such a dramatic difference) due to not being heavily stigmatized. H-dropping however is stigmatized and therefore there is a heavy drop. The terms sex and gender are often used interchangeably in everyday conversation.