PHI 1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Modus Tollens, Modus Ponens
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Writing if a then b can also be written as a b. A c b = the horseshoe means subset. Modus ponens a then b, a therefore b. Modus tollens a then b, not b therefore not a. Conditional applies to two sentences and the negational applies only to 1. This is understood as being inclusive or avb (cid:498)or(cid:499) can be problematic. What we mean is at least 1 of a and b is true. A&b the little bar on the & sign is et in latin. A b another method to see and also, despite. And means the same thing as: but, although, moreover, however, in addition, How many ways we use conjunction and negation. (a b) treating the sentence as not true that a b must be put in brackets. J&s = joe didn"t get a raise but sam got one.