PHS 4300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Glucosidases, Ketogenesis, Hyperinsulinemia

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Physiology
• Course: PHS 4300
• Professor: Frank Feiner

Document Summary

Type 2 general info survive without therapeutic insulin but may improve control: c peptide is present. Mostly older or obese people insidious onset of fatigue, thirst, polyuria, nocturia high risk of atherosclerosis, associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, myocardial infarction. Microvascular complications less common than type 1 reduced life expectancy by 5-10 years and mortality increased by 2-3x. Under high insulin levels, internalization may permanently occur to downregulate insulin signal: glut 4 translocation due to insulin binding but exercise independently causes it to move to cell surface as well. Cns has insulin independent glut 1 to maintain glucose to brain. Adipose has insulin independent glut 1 and insulin dependent glut4: insulin promotes glycolysis and lipogenesis, glycolysis products can be used from glycerol formation and fatty acid synthesis. Glucose is major source of glycerol backbone of tag: drugs like thiazolidinediones increase glucose uptake in adipose to prevent uptake in other tissues.