PSY 3128 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Descriptive Knowledge, Fluid And Crystallized Intelligence, Procedural Knowledge
5 Jun 2018
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The Psychology of Wisdom
Wisdom reflects a less quantifiable phenomena.
Mechanics of Intelligence: involve cognitive operations such as speed, working memory, and
fluid intelligence.
Pragmatics of Intelligence: meaning that they can apply their abilities to the solution of real
life problems.
In the Berlin Wisdom Paradigm, wisdom is a form of expert knowledge in the pragmatics of
life (Baltes & Smith, 2008). For many people, wisdom evolves in the later years of life as they
become aware of the role of culture in shaping their lives and personalities (called “lifespan
contextualism”). Wise people become less likely to judge others, and have a greater
appreciation for individual differences in values, life experiences, and beliefs (“value
relativism”). People who are wise also have a rich base of factual or declarative knowledge and
an extensive background of procedural knowledge, meaning that they know how things work
(Baltes, Staudinger, Maercker, & Smith, 1995). Finally, another quality, not always emphasized
in the more cognitive approaches to wisdom, is the ability of wise people to recognize and
manage uncertainty as a fact of life (Ardelt, 2004).
Participants read stories involving social problems, such as conflict between different ethnic
groups or individuals. The researchers then rated their responses along six dimensions,
including being able to see multiple points of view, recognizing that knowledge of any
situation is limited, making multiple predictions of how the situation may unfold, and trying
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Document Summary
Mechanics of intelligence: involve cognitive operations such as speed, working memory, and fluid intelligence. Pragmatics of intelligence: meaning that they can apply their abilities to the solution of real life problems. In the berlin wisdom paradigm, wisdom is a form of expert knowledge in the pragmatics of life (baltes & smith, 2008). For many people, wisdom evolves in the later years of life as they become aware of the role of culture in shaping their lives and personalities (called lifespan contextualism ). Wise people become less likely to judge others, and have a greater appreciation for individual differences in values, life experiences, and beliefs ( value relativism ). People who are wise also have a rich base of factual or declarative knowledge and an extensive background of procedural knowledge, meaning that they know how things work (baltes, staudinger, maercker, & smith, 1995).
