PSY 3171 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Mouthwash, Disulfiram, Benzodiazepine
1 Feb 2017
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Substance use disorders: use, intoxication, abuse, dependence, tolerance, withdrawal, psychological dependence. Tolerance: need of increased amounts of substance or, diminished effect with continued use of same amount, believed to be caused by compensatory reaction to drug. Substance classes: depressants alcohol, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, stimulants amphetamines, cocaine, nicotine, caffeine, opiates heroin, opium, morphine, oxycodone, hallucinogens lsd, cannabis, psylocybin, others steroids, inhalants etc. Biological factors: heritability of alcohol dependence is 50-60% heritability may be greater in men than women, heritability for women inconsistent. Sensitization: increased dopamine release in response to repeated amphetamine use, boileau et al. 2006: 10 healthy men given amphetamine one 3 occasions over 5 days, examine, subjective response to amphetamine, brain response day 1, two weeks after last exposure, 1 year after last exposure. In the third group the effect of the drug is smaller because of the conditioned response to that environment. Explains the effect of people taking drugs with a high morality drug.
