PSY 4122 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Systematic Review, Hand Washing, Reference Management Software
28 Apr 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
January 23, 2018
Planning a Systematic Review
Patrick Labelle - Guest lecture
What is a systematic review?
Attempts to gather all the empirical evidence that fits pre-specified eligibility criteria to answer a specific research
question
Uses explicit, systematic methods that are selected with a view to minimizing bias, thus providing more reliable
findings from which conclusions can be drawn and decisions made
What is a scoping review?
Aims to address broader, more complex, and exploratory research questions to better understand phenomena and
evaluate where research has or has not been completed
More flexible criteria
Often includes qualitative data
Characteristics of a Systematic Search
Clearly defined objectives
Pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria
-Need to rationalize your choice of criteria
-Ex. Cut-off date, language, population, age group
Detailed methodology
Selected screening and appraisal processes
-Start by screening title and abstract
-Make lists: yes, no, maybe
Thorough narrative and quantitative synthesis
Steps in a Systematic Review
Planning:
-Ensure that previous reviews haven’t been done
-Assemble a review team
•Produce a protocol - see PROSPERO for examples
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January 23, 2018
Identifying
-Translate question and criteria into search strategy
-Conduct database and supplemental searches
-Document the process
Evaluating
-Screen titles an abstracts to exclude irrelevant studies
-Read full-text for those results requiring additional screening
-Assess methodological rigour using critical appraisal
Collecting and combining data
-Use a data extraction form to gather data on PICO, methods
-Combine data in detailed table
Explaining the synthesis: describe what you’ve found - don’t interpret results, be objective
-Synthesize by describing, reporting, combining results
-Present restyle statistically for a meta-analysis
-Account for any differences relating to PICO or other
Summarizing
-Write the review for publication
-Disseminate the review to inform research, policy, and practice
PICO
P = population or problem
I = intervention
C = comparison
O = outcome
Want to include P and I in search question
Ex. Is hand washing among healthcare workers effective in reducing hospital-acquired infections
-P = hospital-acquired infections
-I = hand washing
-C = no hand washing, gloves, sanitizers
-O = reduced infections
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Document Summary
Attempts to gather all the empirical evidence that ts pre-speci ed eligibility criteria to answer a speci c research question. Uses explicit, systematic methods that are selected with a view to minimizing bias, thus providing more reliable. Ndings from which conclusions can be drawn and decisions made. Aims to address broader, more complex, and exploratory research questions to better understand phenomena and evaluate where research has or has not been completed. Need to rationalize your choice of criteria. Ensure that previous reviews haven"t been done. Assemble a review team: produce a protocol - see prospero for examples. Translate question and criteria into search strategy. Screen titles an abstracts to exclude irrelevant studies. Read full-text for those results requiring additional screening. Use a data extraction form to gather data on pico, methods. Explaining the synthesis: describe what you"ve found - don"t interpret results, be objective. Account for any differences relating to pico or other.
