SCS 2150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Academic Freedom, Stanford Prison Experiment, Nazi Human Experimentation
20 Aug 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
SCS2150
January 29th 2016
*continuation from last lecture
-drawbacks of longitudinal design
-attrition over time
-difficult to determine when subsequent waves of the study should be conducted
-panel condition refers to the changing attitudes/behaviours of participants as a result of
being in a study
-case studies in-depth study of a single case
-can be a person, group, country, etc
-involves both qualitative and quantitative research
-questions arise concerning its validity
-findings are not replicable or applicable in other situations
-provides in-depth descriptions of the characteristics of a particular case that cannot be
achieved otherwise
-therefore, external validity is not a main goal
-they are not interested in making generalizations to other groups
-highly subjective, interpretive, etc
Research Ethics
-ethical issues:
-no harm?
-make sure that one person does not bear an unequal burden of risk
-risk assessment is a key feature
-constant balance between potential gains and risks of harm
-always weighted in favour of research subjects
-violation of research ethic
-Nazi medical experiments
-Milgrim obedience of authority study
-Stanford prison experiment (1971)
-showed what happened to good people in an evil place
-created a situation where people as guards had power over prisoners
-tested people’s responses in an repressive regime
-guards made it a point to schedule harassment of prisoners (waking them up in the middle
of the night to clean, exercise, or be insulted)
-prisoners were not allowed to leave, left them feeling helpless, crazy, out of control, etc
-shows how difficult it is for victims to stand up for themselves after they’ve constantly been
degraded, assaulted, humiliated, etc
-Research Ethics Board in Canada
-review projects involving human subjects
-balancing academic freedom with restrictions on intrusive research designs
-provides ethical codes in various disciplines
-policies are to avoid harm caused to participants as researchers are sometimes unable to
recognize all risks
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Document Summary
Dif cult to determine when subsequent waves of the study should be conducted. Panel condition refers to the changing attitudes/behaviours of participants as a result of being in a study. Case studies in-depth study of a single case. Can be a person, group, country, etc. Ndings are not replicable or applicable in other situations. Provides in-depth descriptions of the characteristics of a particular case that cannot be achieved otherwise. Therefore, external validity is not a main goal. They are not interested in making generalizations to other groups. Make sure that one person does not bear an unequal burden of risk. Constant balance between potential gains and risks of harm. Always weighted in favour of research subjects. Showed what happened to good people in an evil place. Created a situation where people as guards had power over prisoners. Tested people"s responses in an repressive regime.
