ANT101H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Somatic Cell, Lactose Intolerance, Cell Nucleus
Document Summary
Lecture 3 - cell division and genetic traits. Chromosomes are cellular structures, dna wrapped around protein. They are only found in the cell nuclei. We can only see them during the cell division phase under a light microscope where they condense and thicken while getting ready to undergo cell division. One dna molecule is made up of 10"s of 1000"s of genes. It is like one big ball of string which unwraps as one long string. Chromosome sets: there are 46 non identical chromosomes in somatic cells, since each pair comes from a different parent. Each pair codes for the same trait, (ex. blood type or eye color), but it won"t be identical information. (ex. one is coded for blue eyes while the other is coded for brown eyes). It might also be same: in gametes the 22 pairs are called autosomes, which code for the same trait, but are non identical. Females have xx and males have xy chromosomes.
