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CHM120H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Boiling Chip, Rubber Band, Molecular Mass

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14 Apr 2016

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Document Summary

The purpose of this experiment was to idenify an unknown compound"s funcional group and determine its molecular mass. In part one of the experiment, the ideniicaion of the unknown compound"s funcional group was done. This was done by obtaining the results of diferent tests performed on the unknown compound, and comparing them with the results of tests done on some known compounds. The next part of the experiment was comprised of the ideniicaion of the molecular mass of the unknown compound using the dumas" method. Part i determine unknown compound"s funcional group. R-c-h + 2 ag (nh3)2 + oh- r-c-o-nh4. + + 2 ag + 3 nh3 + h2o. A mixture of 1 ml of tollen"s reagent and a drop of aldehyde were shaken and allowed to stand for 10 minutes. A silvery deposit was observed and was recorded for the known and appropriate observaions for the unknown were also carried out and recorded. 1.

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Related Questions

Identification of an unknown compound

Draw the actual structure of the unknown

Explain why this conclusion was reached

Explain how the functional groups were determined based IR

How did you get the exact structure from using NMR

Identify how chemical shifts and peaks areas match hydrogens in the proposed structure

Comment on splitting patterns if they are discernible

Determine the identity of the unknown, explaining why the structure is consistent with NMR and IR

Include melting/boiling points, compare with the literature value of your unknown

Include the reflective index

Include the spectra, including comments

Steps in Spectral Identification

For your report, the following items must be completed: the point-breakdown for each item is also indicated.

Â¨ Use molecular formula to determine degrees of unsaturation: 2 points

IHD = # of (rings + p bonds)

Â¨ Identify major peaks in IR spectrum, if any: 4 points

Use the IR data tables in your lab manual and organic textbook to

determine if there are characteristic signals corresponding to the

various functional groups.

e.g.,

OâH OH single bond stretch

NâH or NâH₂ NH single bond stretch

CÂºCâH terminal alkyne, CH stretch

CÂºC, CÂºN triple bond stretch

HâC=O aldehyde CH stretch

C=O CO double bond stretch

CâO CO single bond stretch

Otherâ¦?

q Speculate on possible functional groups that might be present.

- Deduce structural fragments for each of the ¹H NMR spectral signals.

Usually working upfield (from high to low chemical shift) is

most efficient.

o Explain your reasoning

- Assemble the fragments to construct the molecule.

Â¨ Give the structure of the compound. 2 points

Â¨ Assign the signals in the ¹H NMR spectra to specific protons. 6 points

Â¨ Assign carbons to the peaks in the ¹³C NMR spectrum 6 points