SOC211H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Jeremy Bentham, Cesare Beccaria, Immanuel Kant
Document Summary
Lecture 3 classical schools of criminology utilitarianism. 16th century onward; idea that there was no god. State of nature: pre-government = no legal order. Natural forces operate; people care only about self-interest. Equal: free, rational, pursuit of interest, fraud, deceit, conflict, insecurity. Rational agreement = security = government =enforces contract. We apply reason to understand the universe; we see the universe as rational and understandable. Society is much like this we can look at individual behavior to predict societal behavior -society & the individual are the same; people want to maximize their self interests. Secular; relates to human behavior; no god we don"t have god, only human knowledge, so there are no miracles, only science. If there is no god, it doesn"t mean it"s bad, there are natural forces that keep things in order. Truth: no longer revelation (gods word) but is scientific. Experience: empirical observation via data collection & experimentation.
