BIOB51H3 Lecture 8: Lecture 8
13 Feb 2019
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Fate of a new allele depends on its fitness effect: Beneficial: elegans useful laboratory model system because we can watch every cell develop from fertilization all the way through. So, in laboratory, you can take a single individual and allow it to reproduce asexually and end up with 74 genetically identical organisms. Accumulation of mutations = decrease in fitness of 0. 5% per generation. Beneficial: tracking the effect of mutation in a single gene, hsp90 (wild type) increases fitness at high temperatures. Heat shock protein gene useful for protecting organisms during temperature changes. Initial population: 560 single-base mutations in hsp90: hsp90 (wild type) increases fitness at high temperatures, allow cells to compete with wild type at two temperatures, measure fitness as relative frequency of cells. Direct measure based on gene sequencing (pedigree analysis) *e. g. , homo sapiens, (~3 billion bp: sequences from 78 human parent-offspring triploids. Most individuals carry ~60 - 180 new alleles.
