BIOC39H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Ionizing Radiation, Adenocarcinoma, Adenoma
8 Apr 2015
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Dna mutations: substitution, insertion, and deletion of nucleotides, recombination between different members of a gene family, and chromosomal rearrangements. Benign tumours (adenoma: encapsulated, localized and limited in size. Malignant tumours (adenocarcinoma: can continually increase their size by breaking through basal laminae and invading adjacent tissues. Cancer: the disease caused by malignant tumours. Skin, gut, linings of internal organs and glands. Changes that occur in a cell to make it cancerous. Can be induced by: chemical substances (ddt, formaldehyde, physical agents (asbestos) The integrity of the body is dependent on well-controlled cell division. The control of cell division never depends on the function of just one protein, and a cell cannot become cancerous by mutation in just one gene. For a cell to give rise to cancer, it must accumulate multiple mutations, and these must occur in genes concerned with the control of cell manipulation and cell survival.
