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CHMA10H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Chemical Polarity, Solution

Chma10h3 - introductory to chemistry i: structure and bonding lecture 14: ionization. In the case of water as a solvent, we use the term aquation or hydration: the ion surrounding by water molecules is called an aquated ion or a hydrates ion. Dissolving molecular substances: the driving force for dissolution of molecular substances is entropy a natural tendency for the molecules to achieve a more probable distribution. Ionization of molecular solutes: aqueous solutions of some molecular substances conduct electricity (electrolytes), this is due to the breaking of a bond in a molecule and formation of ions called ionization. In some cases, only a fraction of molecules is ionized (creating a weak electrolyte).

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Introductory Chemistry I: Structure and Bonding

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Andrew Petter

University of Toronto Scarborough

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<p>Select the most appropriate explanation of the followingobservation on solubility: "Hydrogen chloride, HCl, is very solublein water."<br><br><br>Water is a polar solvent, and it promotes the ionization of manypolar molecules.<br><br>Opposites attract, that is, polar solutes dissolve in non-polarsolvents and vice-versa.<br><br>Water promotes the dissociation of many ionic solids.<br><br>Gases that interact only slightly with solvents dissolvefreely.<br><br>Relatively light molecules are generally more soluble in water thanheavier molecules.</p>

<div>One reason ionic compounds do not dissolve well in nonpolar solvents is that</div>
<div>A- Ion-dipole interactions are too large for effective solvation to occur.</div>
<div>B- ion-solvent interactions are not strong enough to solvate the ions in solution</div>
<div>C- not all cations and anions have the same magnitude of charge and therefore do not form neutral ion pairs.</div>
<div>D - there are no forces of attraction between ions and nonpolar molecules.</div>

<div style="font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial;color:#333333;"> <div> <br> <picture><source srcset="https://prealliance-textbook-qa.oneclass.com/qa_images/homework_help/question/qa_images/121/12104196.jpeg" type="image/webp"></source><img src="https://prealliance-textbook-qa.oneclass.com/qa_images/homework_help/question/qa_images/121/12104196.jpeg" alt=""></picture> </div> </div> <div id="hlt" class="hidden">Water accounts for 60-90% of the mass of every cell, and it dissolves many substances that are used or produced in cellular chemical reactions. Although it does not dissolve all substance, water is sometimes called the universal solvent. Which property of water contributes to its ability to dissolve most molecules in the cell? Pure water has a neutral pH, close to physiological pH. The atoms in water are held together by ionic bonds. Water has polar bonds and is a polar molecule. The specific gravity of water in the body is near 1.</div>

CHMA10H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Chemical Polarity, Solution, Spectator Ion

CHMA10H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Carbon Tetrachloride, Intermolecular Force, Ionic Compound

CHMA10H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Ionic Compound, Chemical Equation, Strong Electrolyte

CHMA10H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Chemical Polarity, Solution

CHMA10H3 Full Course Notes

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CHMA10H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Chemical Polarity, Solution, Spectator Ion

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