EESA09H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Mesoscale Convective Complex, Tornado Climatology, Heat Lightning
5 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Etkin et al. (2001) tornado climatology in canada. Cao and cai (2011) dectection of tornado frequency trend. This means that the storm is caused primarily by surface heating (rather the upper level flow). This is the main feature in weather variability in southern ontario in the summer months. It is the only type of storm that has thunder and lightning. Toronto gets between 30 and 40 thunderstorm days per year. A storm that produces thunder and lightning is called a thunderstorm. There are four types of thunderstorms: ordinary (single cell) thunderstorms, multicell thunderstorms, super cell thunderstorms and mesoscale convective complexes. system with little vertical wind shear. Vertical wind is the change in the speed and direction of the horizontal wind. A necessary condition is that the air mass is vertical unstable. Vertical instability arises when less underlies denser air. Typically this occurs when warm air underlies colder air. Differentially surface heating is often the trigger for.
