LINA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Phonological Rule
Document Summary
Allomorphs: different pronunciations of the same morpheme. The phonological rule of allomorphy: the morpheme /z/ is pronounced [s] after voiceless stops, the morpheme /z/ is pronounced [ z] after sibilants. In sum: a single underlying form (abstract pronunciation) is stored in the lexicon for the phoneme, a phonological rule determines pronunciation in a given phonological context, ex. V + -ed v (in past tense) Ity and ness are not related, they are too phonetically dissimilar. Evidence of a rule: it can be applied to novel forms (new words) of the appropriate category: ex. How to draw a tree diagram: split the word into morphemes: stems, categorize each stem (verbs, nouns, adjectives, stem = root + affix, each node of the tree should translate to a productive rule. Note: be careful as to how you draw the trees, as the order of morpheme attachment indicates meaning. Identify the morphemes: pick out words which are minimally different.
