PSYA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Statistical Significance, Confounding, Statistical Hypothesis Testing
Document Summary
Objectivity assumes that certain facts about the world can be observed and tested independently from the individual who describes them. Subjective means that their knowledge of the event is shaped by prior beliefs, expectations, experiences and mood. Methods to help bring us to an objective understanding of the world. Objective measurements: the measure of an entity or behaviour that, within an allowed margin of error, is consistent across instruments and observers. Variable: the object, concept, or event being measured. Operational definitions: statements that describe the procedures (or operations) and specific measures that are used to record observations. Validity: the degree to which an instrument or procedure actually measures what it claims to measure. Reliability: when it provides consistent and stable answers across multiple observations and points in time. Test-retest reliability: examines whether scores on a given measure of behaviour are consistent across test sessions. Alternate-forms reliability: examines whether different forms of the same test produce the same results.
