PSYA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Operant Conditioning, Reinforcement
Document Summary
Shaping: teaching an organism to learn a new behaviour through successive approximation. Chaining: linking together 2 or more shaped behaviours into a more complex action or sequence of action. Ex. animals acting in films; taught through shaping/chaining ex. Dolphin training increase action required to get a reward for a specific operant response created by reinforcing successive approximations of that response. Schedules of reinforcement: rules that determine when reinforcement is available. Continuous reinforcement: every response made results in reinforcement: learning initially occurs rapidly. Partial (intermittent) reinforcement: only a certain number of response are rewarded, or a certain amount of time must pass before reinforcement is available. Ratio schedules mean that reinforcements are based on the amount of responding. Interval schedules are based on the amount of time between reinforcements. Fixed schedules mean that the schedule of reinforcement remains constant.
