SOCC23H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Statistical Inference, Central Tendency, Descriptive Statistics
Document Summary
Kinds of statistics: descriptive statistics: describes some aspect of the world (univariate o descriptive statistics) or describe how things are related (multivariate or bivariate descriptive statistics) Inferential statistics: drawing a conclusion about the wider world from the smaller part of the world, so using a sample drawn from a larger population. Basic concepts: cases: entities from which data is gathered (e. g. groups, people, provinces, businesses), also known as units of analysis. Population: every case representing a given group (e. g. all. Sample: a selection of cases drawn from the overall group population (e. g. 25,000 canadian adults) Case is each individual unit from the sample or population (e. g. each individual canadian adult: variables: traits that can change values from case to case (e. g. age, race, gender, social class, form of government) Independent (cause): is the thing we think causes the value of the dependent variable to change. Dependent (effect): changes based on the independent variable.
