ANT200Y1 Lecture 7: Lecture 7 - Ch. 11, Mesopotamia & Egypt
Document Summary
4500 bc; world"s first cities: early city-states period (4500-3100 bc) e. g. uruk , eridu , ur, population growth - 50, 000+ people by 3100 bc, 9 km wall, 250 ha. Settlement by 3100 bc: tightly-packed houses, alleyways, courtyards, workshops, focal points - ziggurat complexes, temples, class-based hierarchy, craft specialization (districts in eanna), metallurgy, writing by ca. 3000 bc; improved agricultural technologies, yields (surpluses: royal cemetery at ur. Easily moved along rivers, coastlines; overland by caravans. Soil salinity not really a concern: predynastic period (5000 - 3100 bc, simple farming villages tethered to nile, gradual emergence of lower-lever chiefdoms. Incipient city-states (taxes, fortifications, elite burial practices: emergence of 3 kingdoms in upper egypt ca. Precursor to unification (proto-kingdom: greater contact with sw asia, arabia (e. g. , cylinder seals, gold, military conquest (unification) by 3100 bc. King narmer (menes: archaic or "early dynastic" period (3100 - 2575 bc, unification/consolidation of lower and upper egypt under narmer (menes, emergence of:
