ANT253H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Marcel Danesi, Russian Mafia, Japanese Language
Professor Marcel Danesi Jan. 31, 2017
ANT253 LECTURE 4
***not being tested on the end part of chapter 2
NATURAL LANGUAGE
Fried Chicken
Core Vocabulary and Cognates
Hand
Leg
Sun
Moon
Racoon
Justice
Friend
THE LEXICON AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS “lexicon” is another word for “vocabulary”
• You can use the lexicon to reconstruct the state
• According to gender
- Men vs. Women expected to speak differently in lower class, not upper
- Ex// Japanese language
• If you are looking at politics, you are looking at the language
- Ex// Patriotic, nationalistic
THEORIES
1. The deficit approach, assumes that the adult male language is the standard
- This is unmarked
- To get rid of it: actress vs. actor, waitress vs. waiter
Unless you ask if it was a male or female you can just say actor or waiter
2. The dominance approach, women’s speech is seen as subordinate given the patriarchal
system in which it occurs;
- Apache culture is matriarchal
- Surname comes from mother, one way to detect if its matriarchal vs patriarchal
3. The social difference approach, which analyzes differences in means and socialization
4. The social constructionist approach, which looks at the multiple factors that bring about
gendered language
- In western culture, we are looking at instructivism
GROUP-CODED VOCABULARY
• He calls it the three musketeers but its traditional called argots and cants
• Argots comes from street language
- Shakespeare used a lot of argots
Ex. Russian Mafia developed their own lexicon so that they could speak to
each other and outsiders wouldn’t understand
Ex. Drug deals create their own lexicon
• Cants comes
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
***not being tested on the end part of chapter 2. The lexicon and social conditions lexicon is another word for vocabulary : you can use the lexicon to reconstruct the state, according to gender. Men vs. women expected to speak differently in lower class, not upper. If you are looking at politics, you are looking at the language. Theories: the deficit approach, assumes that the adult male language is the standard. To get rid of it: actress vs. actor, waitress vs. waiter. Unless you ask if it was a male or female you can just say actor or waiter: the dominance approach, women"s speech is seen as subordinate given the patriarchal system in which it occurs; In western culture, we are looking at instructivism. Group-coded vocabulary: he calls it the three musketeers but its traditional called argots and cants, argots comes from street language.
