ANT100Y1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Polytomy, Macroevolution, Zygosity
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ANT100Y1 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Somatic cells (most cells except sex cells) Cytoplasm (complex mix of membranes, keeps organelles in place) Paired rod-shaped structures in cell nucleus containing genes, transmitted from generations. Deoxyribonucleic acid: store genetic information for synthesis of proteins. Four bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine & thymine. Dictate synthesis of protein that perform a wide variety of functions in body. Work with structures in cell (ribosomes) that are critical for manufacture of proteins. Transport amino acids to ribosomes for the creation of proteins. Building blocks of cells (linear sequences of amino acids) Each has specific function (blueprint determines that by stored in dna. Ex. catalysis of all biochemical reactions in done by enzymes, which contain protein (digestion) Transcription - synthesis of single strand of ribonucleic acid (mrna: messenger rns) at unwound section of dna strands serving as template. Uracil replaced by thymine (in process of rna) to increase dna stability and improve efficiency of dna replication.
