BIO120H1 Lecture 5: Lecture 5
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BIO120H1 Full Course Notes
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Bio120 lecture 5: there is no single human genome, these people differ on average by millions of genetic changes in their genome sequence. Genetic variation: models and measurement: models: theories, ideas of how much genetic variation that should be existent, measurement: how do we measure genetic variation. Introduces new combinations of mutations into a population: random genetic drift, random sampling effects every generation, becomes more important as populations become smaller. Classical school & balance school: balance school favoured idea that natural selection is favouring variations in population, the two schools differed in their predictions on how much genetic variation occurs in natural populations. Low polymorphism: wild type is normal genotype. Balance: dobzhansky ford, heterozygote advantage, high heterozygosity, high polymorphism, selection favours diversity. Studying genetic diversity: morphological: e. g. snail colour polymorphism, cytological: e. g. chromosome inversions and how they differ. Early quantitative genetic evidence for the existence of genetic variation: selection experiments on different groups of organisms, artificial selection.
