BIO120H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Bighorn Sheep, Lactase Persistence, Human Height
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BIO120H1 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Low uv radiation: reduced vitamin d synthesis, may have selected for reduced pigmentation: numerous genes affecting skin pigmentation identified, these genes show higher between population differences than average gene, provides evidence supporting a history of local adaptation. Other genomic evidence for local adaptations in humans: disease resistance. Lactose tolerance: populations that depended on dairy, human height. Coral snakes with bright coloration: hypothesized that coloration was to warn predators that it is poisonous, experiment must test the idea of hypothesis, natural selection favoured tricoloration to avoid predators and increase fitness. Types of selection: artificial vs. natural, modes of selection. Selection and adaptation in action: testing adaptatioin, evolution of herbicide resistance, human evolution g6dp deficiency. Fitness: relative genetic contribution of individuals to next generation as a result of differences in viability and fertilty (= darwinian fitness) Selective advantage: some individuals better adapted to the environment and thus have higher fitness.
