BIO120H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Synapomorphy, Sexual Conflict, Binomial Nomenclature
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BIO120H1 Full Course Notes
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10/19/15: binomial nomenclature, hierarchical system of classification. Name is a key to the literature on an organism. Enables interpretation of origins and evolutionary history. Taxon a named taxonomic unit at any level (plural = taxa) Taxonomy the theory and practice of classification. Systematics the study of biodiversity and the evolutionary relationships among organisms. Schools of taxonomy: philosophical wars of the 70"s and 80"s. Phenetics classifying species based solely on overall resemblance largely dead/ unused. Convergent evolution looks similar, not particularly related. Cladistics classifying species on the basis of their phylogenetic relationships. Birth of cladistics and the building of phylogenetic trees. Phylogenetic trees provide a depiction of the evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms. Important to appreciate they are a hypothesis about evolutionary history. A single ancestor gave rise to all species in that taxon and no species. A taxon whose members are derived from two or more ancestral forms not common to all members.
