BIO130H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Cellular Differentiation, Meiosis, Major Force
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BIO130H1 Full Course Notes
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Astral microtubules, interpolar microtubules, kinetichore microtubules have different types of kinesin. Kinesin 14 is the only one that may walk towards the minus end whereas all other kinesins move towards the positive end. Kinesin 4-10 walks the chromosome over to the positive end. Consumes atp but assembly of the actual microtubules themselves requires gtp. A cell stained to detect microtubules and spindles is imaged in different sections, then reconstructed by the use of computers. All chromosomes are aligned on the metaphase plate. At metaphase, all chromosomes need to be properly aligned and attached to the microtubules at the kinetochore. Leaves plus end of microtubule exposed key to pulling apart the chromatids. Cohesion is cleaved by separase, but does not happen until chromosomes are properly aligned. Kinetochore microtubules shorten: major force that pulls chromosomes to opposite poles. We said the microtubule plus end was exposed.
