BIO130H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Genome Size, Unicellular Organism, Chloroplast
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BIO130H1 Full Course Notes
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3 billion base pairs per genome (haploid genome) One maternal + one paternal genome = you. Not all genomes are as large as human genomes. Bacterial phage genomes: 10 - 50 kb (1 kb = 1000 base pairs) Contrast these sizes with organellar genomes of the mitochondria and the chloroplast. Over the years, a lot of the genes of the mitochondria and the chloroplast have come out of the mitochondria / chloroplast genome and moved into the nuclear genome. Advances in automated sequencing have made it possible for the sequencing of many genomes. Furthermore, the complexity of the genome is not reflected in the genome size. Only 1. 5% of our genome encodes protein. ~50% of the genome is a unique sequence. Green = non-repetitive dna that is neither in introns nor codons. Body is unpacking histones thus we need a lot of histone genes to make more histones rrna genes.
