BIO130H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Spindle Apparatus, G2 Phase, Metaphase

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Not all cells in a culture will divide at the same time. Few cells can be observed in cell division at any given time. Mitosis - dna replication occurs before this (nuclear division) G1 phase, s phase, g2 phase (in that order) They became specialized and lsot ability to divide. When liver is removed, remaining cells divide to replace lost tissue. Later are stem cells in bone marrow for example. Important to remember that cell does not die here. In some cases, cells can exit g0 and go back into replication. Delays later events until earlier events are complete. 3 major ones but there can be more checkpoints. It does not need to die here, it will wait until conditions are optimal. It will wait here until conditions are correct. It will also wait here until conditions are met. At end of g2, the replicated chromosomes are dispersed and tangled.

Related Questions

Part A:

In prokaryotes and eukaryotes cell reproduction is similar in that it requires some kind of signal to proceed, DNA replication, careful separation of the DNA into two equal portions, and division of the cytoplasm. How is cell reproduction different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Select one:

a. In a eukaryotic organism, the signals for cell division are usually not related to the environment but to the function of the entire organism.

b. Eukaryotic cells constantly divide whenever environmental conditions are adequate and the cells are large enough.

c. The linear chromosomes in prokaryotes are constantly being updated.

d. Prokaryotic cell division requires cytokinesis before mitosis because of their small size.

e. The sexual phase of most prokaryotes (bacteria) is essential to the rapid cell division required for infection.

Part B:

What does the name Cyclin Dependent Kinase stand for?

Select one:

a. A protein important to the cell cycle that is dependent on DNA synthesis.

b. An enzyme that cuts DNA so that chromosomes can segregate.

c. An enzyme that phosphorylates other proteins using ATP only when the protein Cyclin is bound to the enzyme.

d. An enzyme that rolls along microtubules dragging a vesicle.

e. An enzyme that connects chromosomes to the spindle fiber.

Part C:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Mitosis can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase

b. Anaphase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Prophase/Telophase

c. Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase

d. Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase

e. Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase

Part D:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Interphase can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. S/G1/G2

b. G2/G1/S

c. G1/S/G2

d. G2/S/G1

e. G1/G2/S

amethystyak657

Question 1 (2 points)

In which phase of cell division is marked by the dissolution of the nuclear membrane, the condensation of chromosomes, and the formation of the mitotic spindle?

Question 1 options:

	prophase
	metaphase
	telophase
	anaphase

Question 2 (2 points)

The physical separation of cells during cell division is called:

Question 2 options:

	Cytokinesis
	Telophase
	Interphase
	Chromosome
	Cell plate

Question 3 (2 points)

Meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction; the gametes formed during this process before fertilization are _______________.

Question 3 options:

	Haploid
	Diploid
	Zygote
	Homologous
	Tetrads

Question 4 (2 points)

Mitosis is the process by which a ___________ cell separates the chromosomes in its nucleus into two identical sets of nuclei.

Question 4 options:

	eukaryotic
	prokaryotic
	bacterial
	all of these are correct

Question 5 (2 points)

Which of the following statements about crossing over is INCORRECT?

Question 5 options:

	It occurs between homologous chromosomes
	It allows for two parents to produce many different types of offspring
	It contributes to genetic diversity in a population
	It occurs during prophase I of mitosis

Lab 11 Mitosis

Interphase - Chromosomes are not visible because they areuncoiled

Prophase- The chromosomes coil. The nuclear membranedisintegrates. Spindle fibers (microtubles) form. The drawing showsa cell with 8 chromosomes. Each chromosome has 2 chromatids for atotal of 16 chromatids.

Prometaphase

Metaphase - The chromosomes become aligned. The drawing shows acell with 8 chromosomes. Each chromosome has 2 chromatids for atotal of 16 chromatids.

Anaphase- The chromatids separate; the number of chromosomesdoubles. The drawing shows a cell with 16 chromosomes. Eachchromosome has 1 chromatid for a total of 16chromatids

Telophase- The cell divides into two. The chromosomes uncoil.The nucleus reforms. The spindle apparataus disassembles. Thedrawing shows a cell with 16 chromosomes. Each chromosome has 1chromatid for a total of 16 chromatids.

Ques(ons

1. What stage were most of the onion root p cells in? Does thismake sense?

2. As a cell grows, what happens to its surface area : volumerao? (Think of a balloon being blown up). How is this changing raonrelated to cell division?

3. What is the function of mitosis in a cell that is about todivide?

4. How accurate were your met predictions for each stage of thecell cycle?

5. Discuss one observation that you found interesting whilelooking at the onion root p cells.

6. What would happen if mitosis were uncontrolled?

for escience lab 11 bio 113

burgundyspider301

BIO130H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Spindle Apparatus, G2 Phase, Metaphase

BIO130H1 Full Course Notes

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