CSB332H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Superior Colliculus, Netrin, Growth Cone

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coppercattle724

9 Aug 2012

School

UTSG

Department

Cell and Systems Biology

Course

CSB332H1

Professor

Melanie Woodin

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Document Summary

558-562 assembly of actin filaments (and other prots needed) on 1 side of growth cone. The cascade of local clustering & consequent depletion of signaling molecs @ rest of cell: provide local activation & global inhibition. Respond more effectively on upper-left side, also decreases response in regions furthest from gradient (global inhibition on right side) Prots get localized growth cone turning. Gcs of cultured xenopus spinal neurons exhibit adaptation during chemotactic migration, undergoing consecutive phases of desensitization & resensitization in presence of guidance factor netrin-1. With more time (90min) resensitizes to gradient now responsive to the chemoattractant adapt to envt. For both attraction & repulsion, ca level above baseline, just more so for attraction. Phosphorylation or prot kinases need certain levels of ca to activate. Large grad of ca coming from neuron but not important for act pot important for many other things. Images of ca-binding growth cone been bathed in fluorescent.

Related Questions

Which of the following statements is a result of signal amplification?

Multiple Choice

A.) Different types of cells will have differing reactions to a particular signal molecule.

B.) Small concentrations of extracellular signaling molecules can affect a rapid response from a cell.

C.) Endocrine signaling is made possible by signal amplification.

D.) Only high concentrations of extracellular signaling molecules can affect a rapid response from a cell.

E.) All cell types will react similarly to a particular signal molecule.

1. What types of biological macromolecules are most cell walls and extracellular matrices composed of? (Choose ALL correct answers)

[]

proteins

[]	nucleic acids

[]

lipids

[]	carbohydrates

2. What is a "second messenger"?

a.	a protein that phosphorylates another substrate

b.	a molecule that is produced or released intracellularly as a result of receptor activation

c.	a signaling molecule that is released extracellularly

GTP

3. How can the activation of a protein kinase be important in signal transduction?

a.	kinases bind to receptors to prevent the signal from binding the receptor

b.	kinases prevent signal amplification by ensuring other proteins are not active

c.	kinases can activate or deactivate existing proteins by phosphorylation

d.	kinases are secreted by the cell as a signaling molecule

limeplatypus677

TRUE or FALSE For your responses please justify your answer. Nojustification for answer will recieve "needs work" rating.

7. A signaling molecule will always elicit identical responses indifferent target cells if it binds to identical receptors.

8. As part of signaling cascades, the increase in the cytosolicconcentration of Ca2+ can only be derived by active transport ofCa2+ out of the endoplasmic reticulum.

CSB332H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Superior Colliculus, Netrin, Growth Cone

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