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CHM135H1 Lecture : Notes taken during lecture

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redtermite204
31 Dec 2010
School
UTSG
Department
Chemistry
Course
CHM135H1
Professor
Kris Quinlan

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CHM135H1 Full Course Notes
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CHM135H1 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary

1 k small not many ions all types of equilibrium equations, all have similar behaviour starting at a point not at equilibrium, then tending to equilibrium. Conjugate base is the hs, conjugate acid is the nh4. Conjugate acid-base pairs: the h2s and hs, and the nh3 and nh4. Each acid-base pair related by one proton. Water can both give proton, and receive proton. Acid weaker than h3o+ therefore equilibrium shifts to products" side. Strong acid wants to give protons, strong bases want to receive protons. The stronger the acid, the weaker the conjugate base. Direction of reaction is towards the products" side. Cannot have stronger a or b and weaker a or b on one side. Must be stronger acid and stronger base reacting to form weaker acid and weaker base the ion-product constant for water holds for any aqueous solution if either of [h3o+] or [oh-] increases, the other decreases. Water acts as base to accept proton.

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Related Questions


Label the acid, base, conjugate acid and conjugate base in theequation, include equilibrium arrows.

For conjugate acid-base pairs, how are Ka and Kb related?

Consider the reaction of acetic acid in water:

CH3CO2H (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ CH3CO2− (aq) + H3O+ (aq)             where Ka = 1.8 × 10−5

  1. Which two bases are competing for the proton?
  2. Which is the stronger base?
  3. In light of your answer to part b. why do we classify the acetate ion (CH3CO2−) as a weak base? Use an appropriate reaction to justify your answer.
  4. In general, as base strength increases, conjugate acid strength decreases. Explain why the conjugate acid of the weak base NH3 is a weak acid.

 

To summarize, the conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base and the conjugate acid of a weak base is a weak acid (weak gives you weak). Assuming Ka for a monoprotic strong acid is 1× 106, calculate Kb for the conjugate base of this strong acid.

Why do conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties in the water?

List the conjugate bases of the six common strong acids.

To tie it all together, some instructors have students think of Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ as the conjugate acids of the strong bases LiOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ba(OH)2. Although not technically correct, the conjugate acid strength of these cations is similar to the conjugate base strength of the strong acids. That is, these cations have no acidic properties in water; similarly, the conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties (strong gives you worthless). Fill in the blanks with the correct response. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a weak base is a_____acid. The conjugate base of a strong acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a strong base is a_____ acid. ( Hint: Weak gives you weak and strong gives you worthless.)