EEB266H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Paraphyly, Synapomorphy, Flagellum
28 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Phylogenetic systematics: represent the most efficient storage and retrieval information system for biological knowledge by minimizing redundancy in information and maximizing predictability. Analysis produces a cladogram (tree) which serves as a record of life integrating: genealogical relations, character evolution, and, evolutionary events. The more common ancestors that two taxa share, to the exclusion of other taxa, the more closely related they are. All members of clade are equally related to individuals outside of their clade but with whom they share a more distant ancestor. Taxonomy: is a hierarchical system of ranks (phylum, class, order, family, genus). The rank is arbitrary, depending on the scope of analysis. More inclusive phylogenies will need more ranks than less inclusive ones. A group may be considered a subclass or a superfamily in a more or less inclusive analysis. We will want to use phylogenetic information in our names. When we get such information we usually have to assign new ranks to our groups.
