ESS102H1 Lecture Notes - Canada Basin, Southern Ocean, Trametes
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Published on 20 Feb 2013
School
Department
Course
Professor
GLG205 January 24, 2013
Atmosphere
- Protects the earth
- Shorter wv more energy
- Infrared longer wv and ass with heat
- Atmosphere traps outgoing ir traps remitted light not incoming
- Average temp -15 -18 without greenhouse
- Damn enhanced greehnhouse effect
- Where oxygen comes from
Atmosphere
- Density
- Air pressure drops as you go up
- Up in atmpspheric column airpressure drops
- 5km half in air pressure
- 90 percent of gas is in lower 15 16 km and most is less dense above that
- Atmpsphere filter and buffer of incoming solar radiation
Wv
- Longer ev lower energy shorter wv more energy
- Energy from sun is uv
- Sun emits higher energy and is absorbed in higher atmosphere
Next
- 4 layers, all different things
- Different parts of em radioatation penetrate different depths Ingra and visible go deep and uv in
stratosphere is uv where ozone layer is
- Light make to surface and remitted
Different layers
- Trop is thicker at equator then at poles and defined by temperature gradient and when
inversion occurs
- Plus 15 at surface and drops in trop bc radiation absorbed surface of planet ir and drops off
- The trop and start inverts and increases again is bc ozone layer absorbing uv radiation
- Meso not do a whole lot temp drops off a bit
- As thermosphere warms up bc gamma and high energy radiation absorbed
- High temps
- Not a lot of gas but doing very important absorption
Trop
- Where we live – know live in troposphere and next is stratosphere
- Dynamic air movement
- Hot air near surface les dense and rises lower dense on top high density and lot of circulation
- Convective layer
Stratosphere
- Very stable
- Stratification
- Role of it and convection and why things flow
- Stratosphere not a lot of circ low dense on top of dense air nothing driving circulation – some
see it aas stable cap of troposphere
- Stable system
- Cap on weather troppshere
- Stable and stratified
- Bc of stable column of air
- Increase in temp is by absorption of uv by ozone layer
- And increase
Mesosphere
- Boring layer
- Not a lot happens
- Ozone stopped absorbing so cools off
- Ozone little in there
Thermo
- Little gas less then 1percent of gas atoms there
- High energy radiation is absopred
Radiation budget
- Of solar radiation 70 percent is absorbed and 30 pecent is reflected right off the bat – the earths
albedo overall energy budget ofplanet
- 70 percent absorbed surface and from particles in air majority is surface
- Once absiprbed remitted as ir and leave planet
Natural greenhouse
- Balcne incoming and outgoing
- Incoming short and longer ir bouncing around and absorbed by greenhouse gases
The greenhouse effect
- 30 sun is reflected back
- Of 70 percent most by land and by atmospheric particles remitted ir
- Green house gas absorb it and remit it as it
- Trap long wl and heat up earth
Next
- Greenhouse trap 80 percent
- They don’t absorb solar radiation outgoing infrared radiation
What are greenhouse gases
- Role of water vapor largerst greenhouse gas most ir absorption and warmth second is co2
- Co2 second largets all these in no and ozone equal about
- Ozone protect from uv in troposphere ozone is part of smog different
- A lot of these gases change depending on temp water vapor not
- Pump little co2 increase temp bc sig ghg and air mass hold more eater and aplify warming if air
mass colles percepeitiate – water vapor not change temp its passice not driver but feedback –
temp change then water vapor – not driver but largest ghg and amplified change we make – if
cool amplify the cooling bc temp drop less water vapor – amplifies direction of change
- They varied always been there makes life possible
- 30 degree difference
- Happy ghe exist
Energy per second
- Why they absorb
- Why mention important
- Incoming shorter wv not a lot absorb incoming in atmosphere
- Reimteed ir all gases that absorb in this band
- Co2 and h20 high absorbers no2 and methane
- 03 high energy
Enhanced ghe
- Not new thing
- In late 1800s and earlier then that
- Rough theories 1850s
- Arrenhius put number on it – showed based on measured radiatin absorption of co2 doubling
co2 lead to plus 5 to 6 degrees
- Not change that much
- His was bit larger