GGR101H1 Lecture 3: Methods of Environmental Reconstruction 1
24 Jan 2019
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Lecture 3 outline: review of how we learn about past climates, part 1: chronology building, part 2: sources of paleoenvironmental data. Chronology building: chronology is the study of how we organize and date events, two kinds of time measurements in the past, relative dating, absolute dating. Relative dating: events put in a logical sequence or ordering, based on a number of basic geological principles related to strata and stratification, first developed in geology, but now also used in geography, archaeology, etc. Relative dating: basic principle: uniformitarianism, what we see happening today is the same as what happened in the past, uniformity in the same physical processes, the present is the key to the past. Relative dating: relative dating, basic principle: original horizontality, sediment is laid down in horizontal layers (called strata, the action of gravity. Folds still preserve order of strata, but not horizonal orientation.
