HIS103Y1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Carl Von Clausewitz, Eastern Question, Ottoman Empire
Prussian staff officer
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History of Napoleonic Wars
▪
Major basis of theory for military doctrine to the present
▪
Wrote
On War
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Continuation of politics?
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War is a tool that has a purpose
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When politics or diplomacy don't work, a state might try to achieve goals /
policy through war
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Put war into perspective as just another instrument of state policy
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'War is the continuation of policy by other means'
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Carl Von Clausewitz
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Napoleonic Wars
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How often leaders forget that war can spiral out of control
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Leaders recognize devastation and limits to control after launching a war
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Why launch war? What goals were they trying to achieve? Did they achieve?
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Can think of it just as continuation - temptation to jump to war instead of making
concessions / using diplomacy
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War
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Primacy of Foreign Relations - Primat Der Aussenpolitik
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Primary of Domestic Matters - Primat der innenpolitik
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Do states behave the way they do because of what is happening outside or inside of
them?
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Remove / remake government
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1990s/2000s interventions: Rwanda, Iraq, Bosnia --> how much? Who intervenes
and why?
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Concept of states and what is happening with/in them --> concept of intervention, use of
military power to change what is happening inside another state
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no general war in Europe
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A century of no major war on continent
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Kept armies in France
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France has Bourbon King back on throne
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Did not want war
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Had all gained territory at France's expense - might lose in a war
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Fear that war would break apart their social and political system - could
their systems of governance survive another war?
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France didn't want war - everyone had ganged up on them
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Negative attitudes towards war
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Worked for peace
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Austria took Lombardy and Venetia
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Austria dominated Italy - Britain supported because France had
wanted to control
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Germany is also being controlled by Austria
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Old fashioned system of operating state finances
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Many different languages / peoples in empire
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Aristocratic government made decisions for the people, not on behalf of
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Metternich was worried that Russia might try to expand
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Also worried that France might want territory back
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Metternich's manipulation of Alliance
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4 States, Alliance would last post-Napoleon: Prussia and Austria (Metternich),
Britain (Castlereagh), Russia (Alexander I)
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1815 - 1830 : Peace
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Metternich's System
January 9, 2017
7:35 PM
LECTURE Page 67
Document Summary
Major basis of theory for military doctrine to the present. "war is the continuation of policy by other means" War is a tool that has a purpose. When politics or diplomacy don"t work, a state might try to achieve goals / policy through war. Put war into perspective as just another instrument of state policy. How often leaders forget that war can spiral out of control. Leaders recognize devastation and limits to control after launching a war. Can think of it just as continuation - temptation to jump to war instead of making concessions / using diplomacy. Primacy of foreign relations - primat der aussenpolitik. Primary of domestic matters - primat der innenpolitik. Concept of states and what is happening with/in them --> concept of intervention, use of military power to change what is happening inside another state. 1815 - 1830 : peace no general war in europe. A century of no major war on continent.
