HMB265H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Polyploid, Spindle Apparatus, Monosomy

• School: UTSG
• Department: Human Biology
• Course: HMB265H1
• Professor: Maria Papaconstantinou

Document Summary

Euploidy: loss or gain of chromosome sets (duplication or division) Monoploidy: loss of one set of chromosomes in a diploid (division of n) Polyploidy: gains in extra sets of chromosomes (multiplication of n: autopolyploids: originate within a species, allopolyploids: two species hybrid. Aneuploidy: loss or gain of one or more chromosomes. Aneuploidy: loss or gain of individual chromosomes (addition or subtraction) Trisomy: gain of 1 chromosome (2n +1) Tetrasomy: gain of 2 chromosomes (2n +2) Slide 4 - 13: euploidy: monoploidy (2n 2) Parthenogenesis: development of an unfertilized egg into an embryo with no fertilization. (this is how monoploid organisms develop) Produce gametes by mitosis (they cannot use meiosis because they only have one set of chromosomes) Genetic load: all members of a diploid species contain lethal recessive alleles. they are not expressed because you have another copy of the wild type version, masking the recessive trait.