HMB440H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Senile Plaques, Substantia Nigra, Neurodegeneration
Document Summary
Lecture 3. 1: molecules to dementia - causes and. There are 3 main neuropathologies of neurodegenerative diseases: Inclusions (neurons and/or glial cells; intracellular/extracellular) i. ii. i. Inclusions are clumps of proteins that are outside of or inside of the cell. For example, diffuse senile plaques are extracellular while neuritic plaque is intracellular and contains microglia. The suggested relationship that links proteinopathy and cell death is that; proteinopathy leads to synapse/cell damage which leads to cell death and brain atrophy. A common mechanism in ndds is misfolding of one protein can initiate mis-folding of other proteins (similar to how prions can disease) Most neurodegenerative diseases are caused by proteinopathies o misfolded protein that can cause normally folded proteins to misfold on contact this results in aggregates that are toxic. Most of these misfolding event can occur spontaneously, genetic mutations (usually early onset)
