NFS284H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Transamination, Pepsin, Trypsin
13 Mar 2018
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Document Summary
Large complex molecules composed of amino acids: contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, primary source of nitrogen in our diets, 20 different amino acids are used to make proteins. Transamination: when a nonessential amino acid not available from the diet, it can be made in the body by the process of transamination, transferring amino group from one amino acid to carbon skeleton. Protein digestion and absorption: mouth, grinds food into smaller particles. Stomach: hcl breaks down protein structure, hcl activates pepsinogen to pepsin, pepsin splits amino acid strands into polypeptides and some amino acids. Small intestine: pancreatic enzymes called proteases such as trypsin and chymotrypsin split peptide strands into tri- and di- peptides. Intestinal enzyme called peptidases break tripeptides and dipeptides into amino acids: transport proteins, amino acids enter portal blood stream. Liver: amino acids taken up and released as needed. Protein synthesis: expression, transcription- copy dna, translation- turn message into protein.
