NFS284H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Iodised Salt, Hyperglycemia, Anterior Pituitary
13 Mar 2018
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Iodine: 2nd most common micronutrient deficiency in the world (1st is iron) Iodine in the diet: seafood, plants grown near the sea. Iodine in soil declines the further away from the coast. Iodized salt: household use, processed food does not use iodized salt. Iodine is a component of thyroid hormone: goitre, decrease in thyroid hormone- anterior pituitary releases thyroid stimulating hormone- enlarges the thyroid so that it can capture iodine more readily. Iodine deficiency-->hypothyroidism: reduces metabolic rate, fatigue, weight gain, deficiency in pregnancy-->cretinism in offspring, developmental delay, deafness, growth failure. Chromium: enhances insulin function by activating a peptide that binds to the insulin receptor, may have high blood sugar if deficient in chromium. Iron: most common deficiency in the world. Iron from animal sources: myoglobin in meat, best absorbed, non-heme iron, plant sources- leafy green vegetables, legumes, whole and enriched grains, more poorly absorbed than heme iron. Increases iron consumption without increasing calories: acidic foods increase leaching.
