NFS284H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Osteoporosis, Hip Fracture, Iodised Salt
20 Feb 2015
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Document Summary
Mineral component of bone: hydroxyapatite = inorganic matrix. Protein = collagen (organic matrix, hydroxyapatite deposits on protein [gives it flexibility]) Cortical bone = hard bone, trabecular bone = spongy bone. Bone resorption: moving a material from the bone to the blood (breakdown of the bone) Osteoblast builds bone, cells which create bone. Osteoclast secrete acids that consume/dissolve the mineral matrix of bone. Osteoporosis: loss of both protein and inorganic matrix of bone, measured by bone density measurement. Osteoporosis break is usually in the hip of the trabecular bone. Can also attack the spine, one part of the vertebrae is majorly trabecular bone and with time the trabecular breaks down and curves the spine. Women are more vulnerable to this spinal curvature, which also makes them susceptible to cardiovascular infection (breathing becomes difficult with a curved spine) Smoking, exercise, alcohol abuse, and diet are four factors that affect bone health and can be controlled.
