PSL201Y1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Macrophage, Blood Transfusion, Heparin
Document Summary
Blood and immunity 1: introduction and blood cells (textbook: pages 433-441, 691-692) Most plasma proteins are made by the liver. Erythrocytes (red blood cells: flexible biconcave disk. Favors diffusion: no nucleus nor organelles (no transcription) Obtain energy via glycolysis: major function transport oxygen and carbon dioxide. Erythrocytes (red blood cells) contain lots of hemoglobin. What is hematocrit: hematocrit gives a measure of the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood, hematocrit (hct): Ratio of packed erythrocytes to the total blood volume in a centrifuged sample of blood (%) 40- 50 in males and 37-47 in females. Jaundice (hyperbilirubinemia: high turnover of rbc, liver disease, bile duct obstruction. What is anemia: hemoglobin content too low, associated with: Destruction of stem cells via drugs and radiation (aplastic) Inadequate nutrients: iron, folic acid, vitamin b12 (nutritional, pernicious) Low erythropoietin (renal) erythropoietin hormone released from the kidney in response to low oxygen; stimulates the synthesis of erythrocytes. Genetic: defects in rbc proteins (e. g. hemoglobin)
