PSL301H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Cartilage, Intrapleural Pressure, Goblet Cell
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PSL301H1 Full Course Notes
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Upper respiratory tract: naval city, pharynx, nasopharynx, oropharynx, esopharynx, vocal cords, tongue = activated every time you breathe it, obstructive sleep when lack of control, larynx. Soft muscles, collapse, can be controlled well > that"s why you can produce sound. Lower respiratory tract: trachea, bronchus, diaphragm = in-between the ribs and the back of the thorax, attached to lower ribs, lungs. Inspiratory muscle = increase volume of thorax, done by diaphragm: upper airway muscles, sternocleidomastoids, scalenes, abdominal muscles, external intercostals. If you do not have diaphragm, you can learn to breathe with accessory muscles (2, 3, 5) Expiratory = don"t normally use, this is passive process: abdominal muscles. Internal intercostals: reduce the size of your ribcage, abdominal muscles force ribs inward and decrease abdominal volume. External intercostals, sternocleidomastoids, and scalene: accessory respiratory muscles. 3: lift ribs and expand thorax, genioglossus muscle of the tongue. Open a few milliseconds before the diaphragm to allow for an unobstructed path.
