PSY100H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Peripheral Nervous System, Dendrite, Acetylcholine
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The nervous system = body"s electrochemical communication circuitry. Axon: branch of neuron responsible for transmitting information to other neurons. Dendrite: branch from neural cell body that usually receives input from other neurons. Myelin: insulating material covering axons, makes neural signaling fast and energy efficient. Made of glia (different sorts respond differently to nerve damage) Communicate with other neurons through chemical signals. Think: people who can just use their senses (e. g. philosopher) to make a living are affluent. Think: people who work with motor tools have to use a lot of effort. Resting potential: measure of the electrical charge across a neural membrane while the neuron is not processing information. Action potential: the neural impulse that passes along the axon and subsequently causes the release of chemicals from the terminal buttons. Resting potential polarized state: more negative inside the cell. Excitatory signals increase the likelihood that the neuron will fire. Inhibitory signals decrease the likelihood that the neuron will fire.
