PSY230H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Epiphenomenon, Clark L. Hull, Contingency Management
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Week 06: behaviourist and learning approaches (reading: chapter 6) John locke (cid:448)ie(cid:449)ed a(cid:374) i(cid:374)fa(cid:374)t as a (cid:271)la(cid:374)k slate, (cid:862)ta(cid:271)ula (cid:396)asa(cid:863), which experiences write on. Pavlov conditioned a response to a stimulus. Classical conditioning: after the repeated pairing of an unconditioned stimulus that elicits an unconditioned response and a neutral stimulus, the previously neutral stimulus can come to elicit the same response as the unconditioned stimulus. Pavlov presented food (us), which causes salivation in dogs (ur), to a hungry dog, while pairing it with something like a bell (ns). If he paired them enough, the bell would elicit salivation, so the cs elicited a cr. Generalization: the tendency for similar stimuli to evoke the same response. Discrimination: a cr will not occur for all possible similar stimuli, indicating that an animal can learn to differentiate between different stimuli. Partial reinforcement: a reward that occurs after some occurrences of a behaviour.
