SOC150H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Sociological Perspectives, Antonio Gramsci, Intersectionality
SOC5 Lecture Notes:
Lecture 2 (First one was syllabus shit)
• Sociological perspectives
o Sociological Imagination (Mills)
▪ Individuals society
▪ Drawing connections between individuals and the groups they come
from – emphasis on the context more broadly
▪ E.g., trying to explain why someone is wearing sandals today
sociologists are not commonly interested in strictly individual/personal
stuff - instead sociologists are more interested in larger concepts like the
fact that wearing sandals in winter is breaking social norms
▪ Social context – helps us potentially predict future behaviour breaks
social norms (deviance), might tell us about socio-economic status if
wearing sandals, tell us about location where they are coming
from/where they are going
▪ Uderstadig otet, helps us uderstad soeod’s ehaiour
• Theory
o Social science facilitates/emphasizes the importance of:
▪ Observation/ gathering facts – does’t eed to e soethig that ou
observe personally, just some sort of data
▪ Logic (theory/ explanation)
▪ Want to be able to figure out where an author got his/her data, and then
be able to understand their logic and whether or not it applies to our
lives/ how its relevant
▪ Good quality social science, is doing both of these very well
▪ Everyday philosophizing – making connections between the past
does’t eed to e our past, it ould e soeoe else’s past, et.
• Scientific arguments – 2 criteria to look for (your arguments)
o Internal – should be consistent, coherent, and logical work you are doing as a
researcher, but it also has to satisfy this external test
o External – should represent a fit between arguments and empirical reality
can other people iterpret hat ou’re doig
• Situating and utilizing theory
o Theory and common sense (Gramsci)
▪ What is the prole ith allig eerda philosophizig oo
sese uniqueness to everyday philosophizing (subjective past
eperiees, ot ritial of hat e all oo sese,
Intersectionality (social context and background)
▪ Sociologists recognize structural constraints – not everybody has the
same situations
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