HSTR 377 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Quraysh, Ummah, Marwanids
21 Sep 2016
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Document Summary
Death of the prophet and the question of succession. Succession crisis mohammad dies w/ no sons and no clear succession: questions of bloodlines, qualifications, long-term loyalty. Caliphate khilafah: decided they needed a political coordinator, not a religious leader b/c couldn"t replace mohammad and his teachings were in living memory, caliphate created social contract between the caliph and his subjects. 632-661: rightly guided caliphate 4 of mohammad"s companians. Very tribal notion elected by the elders . All but ali ruled out of medina moved to southern iraq. A lot of expansion takes place during the time of the rashidun. Wanted people to submit to military leaders: military techniques. Longer-range bows than the byzantines and sassanids. Harrassed and retreated guerrilla-like tactics against legion armies. Arabism: early v. late muslims, don"t want to mix w/ local populations set up garrisons and rule from outside the city. Consider themselves superior: privilege as well as burden. Military service arab only, others weren"t allowed.
