NURS 1710 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Sexually Transmitted Infection, Infertility, Pelvic Pain
Week Ten: (November 20 - 24, 2017)
11-63-171
Introduction to Nursing
Monday
Ethics in Nursing
Learning Objectives
1. Explain how values, moral frameworks, and codes of ethics affect moral decisions
2. Explain how nurses can use their knowledge of values and values clarification to
facilitate ethical decision making by clients
3. Analyze some common ethical issues facing health-care professionals
4. Describe ways in which nurses can enhance their ethical decision making and practice
5. Discuss the advocacy role of the nurse
Ethics
- Study of good conduct, character, and motives
- Philosophical ideals of right and wrong
- A reflection of what matters most to people or professions
- Nurses in Canada guided by the Canadian Nurses Association’s Code of Ethics
Ethical Theory
-Deontology
- Is the system of ethics that is most familiar to health care professionals. Actions
are either right or wrong based on right making characteristics such as fidelity to
promises, truthfulness and justice.
-Utilitarianism
- Main outcome of this theory iis on consequences of actions.
-Bioethics
- An obligation based, outcome oriented and based on reason → moral decision
making in health care should be guided by four principles:
- Autonomy
- Beneficence
- Nonmaleficence
- Justice
-Feminist Ethics
- Considers the work of a conventional ethics and they take a look at social value.
Focuses on inequality between people, and a feminist approach of being
attentive to the difference. Attentive to power dynamics. freeing people from ⇒
oppression.
-Relational Ethics
- Ethical understanding are formed and emerge from people’s relationships.
Relationships with families, communities, patients, colleagues.
Ethics and Respect for Life
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- Human life is precious and needs to be respected, protected and treated with
consideration.
- Nurses advocate for palliative measures when active treatments are withheld, and
providing dignified, comfortable care for a dying client.
Value
- A strong personal belief.
- An ideal or standard that a person or group believes has merit, which individuals and
professions strive to uphold.
- Reflect cultural and social influences, relationships, and personal needs.
- Varies among people; develops and changes over time.
Value Formation
→ Values are influenced/formed by the following factors
- Family experience
- Moral development
- Cultural, ethnic, and religious communities (cultural values)
- Individual experiences
Values Clarification
- Choosing one’s beliefs and behaviours
- Prizing one’s beliefs and behaviours
- Acting on one’s beliefs
- Value conflict
- Relational communication
Personal Reflection
- Values clarification.
- Need to be aware of values of employers, patients, physicians, and other groups.
Six Major Moral Principles
→ Required to uphold as RN’s.
1. Autonomy
a. Ability to make choices for yourself. Based on your own full understanding of the
context of situation. No external forces.
2. Nonmaleficence
a. To avoid harm. To do no harm.
3. Beneficence
a. Means doing or promoting good for others. Promote health.
4. Justice
a. Refers to fairness. Often used during discussions regarding use of scarce
resources.
5. Fidelity
a. Refers to being faithful.
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Week Ten: (November 20 - 24, 2017)
11-63-171
6. Veracity
a. Means telling the truth.
Moral Issues: How Do You Know When You Encounter One?
- It will arouse your conscience
- Concerned with important values and norms.
- Evoke words such as good, bad, wrong, should and ought.
Code of Ethics
Professional Nursing Code of Ethics
- Is a set of guiding principles accepted by all members of a profession
- Helps professional groups settle questions about practice or behaviour
- Includes responsibility, accountability, and advocacy
Values in the CNA Code of Ethics
- Providing safe, compassionate, competent, and ethical care
- Promoting health and well-being
- Promoting and respecting informed decision-making
- RN’s have a professional and legal responsibility to inform patients.
- Honouring dignity
- Maintaining privacy and confidentiality
- Promoting justice
- Being accountable
Professional Ethical Practice for Nurses in Ontario
Assumptions:
- Ethical issues are embedded in providing care.
- Ethical conflict uncertainty and distress occur daily.
- Continuous changes contribute to ethical dilemmas.
- Prevention of ethical conflicts is possible with therapeutic communication.
- Nurse-client relationships are based on caring, trust, respect and intimacy.
- Power must be used ethically, safely, professionally, and with beneficence,
integrity, dignity, and compassion.
- Nurse’s “personal values must NEVER interfere with client’s rights to receive
care” (CNO).
Nursing Values in Ontario
- Client well-being
- Client choice
- Privacy
- Confidentiality
- Respect for life
- Maintaining commitments
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Document Summary
Study of good conduct, character, and motives. A reflection of what matters most to people or professions. Nurses in canada guided by the canadian nurses association"s code of ethics. Is the system of ethics that is most familiar to health care professionals. Actions are either right or wrong based on right making characteristics such as fidelity to promises, truthfulness and justice. Main outcome of this theory iis on consequences of actions. An obligation based, outcome oriented and based on reason moral decision making in health care should be guided by four principles: Considers the work of a conventional ethics and they take a look at social value. Focuses on inequality between people, and a feminist approach of being attentive to the difference. Attentive to power dynamics. oppression. freeing people from. Ethical understanding are formed and emerge from people"s relationships. Human life is precious and needs to be respected, protected and treated with consideration.
