Anatomy and Cell Biology 3309 Lecture Notes - Lecture 46: Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium, Bronchiole, Respiratory Epithelium
2 May 2018
School
Department
Professor
Histology Lecture 10 – Semester 2
Respiratory Passages
- Post martum human brain – area of human brain with increased microglia
- Pentochrome – 5 stains in 1
o Black line = internal elastic lamina
o Tunica media = full of smooth muscle
o Collagen = yellow (part of tunica adventitia)
▪ Thickness = poor blood supply to white matter
o Thickness of layers corresponds to damage occurring to vessel over course of individuals
lives
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Learning Objectives
- Identify major functions of the respiratory systems and the components of the conducting portion
(where gas exchange does not take place)
- List the cells comprising respiratory epithelium and their various functions
- Describe the function of olfactory epithelium and how it differs from respiratory epithelium
- Distinguish the unique histological features of the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles
Conducting System
- Component where gas exchange does not take place
- Extends from nasal cavities (or mouth) down to pharynx, larynx, back of throat, trachea, to terminal
bronchioles
o One trachea divides into one bronchus for each lung (right and left primary bronchus)
o Bronchus further subdivide into many bronchioles
- Important mostly for pre-processing of air before oxygen exchange occurs
o When air enters our respiratory system it is coming from cold environments – important to
have the conducting system that can warm and humidify the air
▪ Do not want to damage the delicate surfaces of our lung e.g. alveoli
- Air will contain pollutants (chemicals, small particles) – do not want them to get stuck in the alveoli
o Important that the conducting system has mechanism for trapping these particles
- Larynx = speech production
- Respiration is key for speech production and olfaction (smell)
o Nasal cavity; breathing in those odorant molecules results in our ability to have a sense of
smell
- Functions;
o Filtration
o Humification
o Warming
o Speech
o Olfaction
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Respiratory Epithelium
- Vast majority of the conducting system is going to be lined by respiratory epithelium
- Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium with Goblet Cells
- Lines conducting system from the trachea down to bronchi and bronchiole
o Also lines inside of nose, back of the larynx and trachea
o Get change in epithelium as you go towards the gas exchange surfaces
Respiratory Epithelium
- Goblet cells
- Pseudostratified appearance
o Some basal cells that do not reach the apical surface (the lumen)
o Do not have nice rows of cells
- When you see this image you know you are along the respiratory tract
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