Anatomy and Cell Biology 3319 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Motor Neuron, Sympathetic Nervous System, Stroop Effect
Lecture 002: Neuroanatomy Introduction
Functions of the Nervous System
Simple
â—Ź Pain Reflex
â—‹ few parts
â—‹ Only involves the spinal cord, no brain needed
â—‹ FAST
Complex
â—Ź Devise a plan to bring universal health care to everyone in the world
Sensory input
â—Ź Information comes into to a site
â—Ź Carried by neurons
â—Ź Usually about the external work
â—‹ Pain, sight, smell, touch
3 Main functions of the Nervous System
1. Integration
â—‹ Processing of all the information that is received
2. Motor Output
â—‹ Response to the sensory information
3. Central Nervous System
â—‹ *Brain + Spinal Cord
â—‹ Integration + command center
Peripheral Nervous System
â—Ź Nerves + Ganglia
â—Ź Communication link
â—Ź Interface using sensory input/output with the external world
â—ŹDivisions of PNS
â—‹Afferent
â– Any signal coming IN
â– Sensory input
â—‹Efferent
â– Signals going OUT
â– Motor
â—‹Visceral
â– Sensory input originating within the body
â– Motor output that controls organs/parts within the body
â– Usually you are unaware of them
â– Ex. to control the heart, blood vessels, etc
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â—‹Somatic
â– Acts/originating from the external world
â– Interacts with the environment
â– Hearing, sight, moving skeletal muscles
Cranial Nerves
â—Ź Goes into the brain and not the spinal cord
Spinal Nerves
â—Ź Goes into the spinal cord
â—Ź Have sensory and motor interaction
The four major divisions of the nervous system are
1. Somatic Sensory
â—ŹGeneral somatic sense
â—‹ Receptor throughout the body (Touch, pain)
â—Ź Proprioception
○ Sensory information that tells you where you’re limbs are in space
â—ŹSpecial somatic sense
â—‹ Sense confined to a small region (hearing, vision, balance)
2. Visceral Sensory
â—ŹStretch
â—‹Monitor stomach, intestinal wall, blood vessels
â—ŹPain
â—ŹChemical changes
â—‹pH, O2/CO2/glucose levels
â—ŹNausea and hunger
â—ŹSpecial visceral sense: SMELL & TASTE
â—‹Even though it is sensing something external (SPECIAL)
â—‹Actually a senses a chemical change
3. Somatic Motor (voluntary motor)
â—ŹMotor movements of the skeletal muscles
4. Visceral Motor (ANS)
â—ŹNervous output to the internal organs (heart, gut, glands, etc)
â—ŹAlso called the autonomic nervous system
○Don’t really exert control over this system easily
â—ŹParasympathetic and sympathetic division
Brian has integration at multiple, multiple levels
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Document Summary
Only involves the spinal cord, no brain needed. Devise a plan to bring universal health care to everyone in the world. Processing of all the information that is received: motor output. Response to the sensory information: central nervous system. Interface using sensory input/output with the external world. Motor output that controls organs/parts within the body. Ex. to control the heart, blood vessels, etc. Goes into the brain and not the spinal cord. The four major divisions of the nervous system are: somatic sensory. Sensory information that tells you where you"re limbs are in space. Sense confined to a small region (hearing, vision, balance: visceral sensory. Even though it is sensing something external (special) Actually a senses a chemical change: somatic motor (voluntary motor) Motor movements of the skeletal muscles: visceral motor (ans) Nervous output to the internal organs (heart, gut, glands, etc) Don"t really exert control over this system easily.