Astronomy 2022A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: British Home Stores, Subatomic Particle, Jean Buridan

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Much of physics has to do with understanding the underlying symmetries of the universe. Spherical symmetry: the symmetry of a sphere rests in that no matter how you rotate or move it, its observable properties remain the same, greeks considered it the perfect geometric solid. Reflection symmetry gloves are not symmetrical because they lack this. Transitional symmetry: anything moved in space retains its properties. Other symmetries: the electron is a light particle with a negative charge, usually found orbiting an atom. Paul dirac (1902-1984: co(cid:374)(cid:374)e(cid:272)ted (cid:395)ua(cid:374)tu(cid:373) (cid:373)e(cid:272)ha(cid:374)i(cid:272)s (cid:449)ith e(cid:859)s spe(cid:272)ial (cid:396)elati(cid:448)it(cid:455, successfully predicted the existence of anti-matter (like positrons) Matter-antimatter asymmetry: no naturally occurring antimatter on earth only normal matter, matter and antimatter annihilate in a powerful explosion if they meet, producing a very specific spectrum of gamma-rays. Four fundamental forces of nature: all interactions that have been observed to date can be attributed to one of the four forces, gravity, electromagnetism, strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force.

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